Large-scale pig farm disease prevention and control mainly through the biosafety system, vaccine immunization, drug health care, vaccine immunization in the prevention of viral diseases played a significant role, some pig farms mistakenly believe that after the use of vaccines sit back and relax, in fact, more varieties, Too frequent immunization caused by the immune response of pigs, as well as immune stress caused by mixed infection or secondary infection increased, which is closely related to the details of the immune process operation, the details do not pay attention to the immune failure caused by abundance, how to maximize To reduce the immune failure caused by operational errors, is the premise of large-scale stable operation of pig farms.

1, the quality of the vaccine and the preservation of the conditions of inspection

Before using the bottle to check whether the seal is intact, the bottle sign on the vaccine name, batch number, validity, capacity and use of the records must be clear, the vaccine color and physical properties should be consistent with the instructions.

Regularly check the vaccine preservation conditions, the refrigerator placed in the digital thermometer, timely attention to temperature changes, refrigerated storage of the conditions of the vaccine, always pay attention to the refrigerator inside the vaccine there is no freezing phenomenon.

2, injection equipment

2.1 Needle selection

Different piglets choose different specifications of the needle, the use of large diameter needle or injection too fast, the vaccine solution is easy to reverse, resulting in lack of seedling, immune effect is poor. (22 - 70 days old): 12 * 25; fattening pig (71 days old - slaughter): 12 * 38; sow immunogens using 16 * 38.

2.2 Classification of immune devices

For large-scale pig farms, the number of vaccines and the frequency of the use of the needle is relatively high, the number of immune vaccines, in order to avoid cross-contamination, vaccination equipment (needles, syringes, trays, alcohol tanks, incubators) need to partition, Classified use.

2.3 to avoid syringes and needle contamination

The syringes and needles should be repeatedly cleaned and disinfected. After autoclaving or boiling sterilization for 15 minutes, the needle is disinfected and placed in a dry box to dry, to prevent the needle from the water on the impact of the vaccine, in the operation to do a pig a needle. Each time you draw a vaccine, you must replace the needle or fix one needle on the vaccine bottle to avoid contamination from the vaccine.

3, the problem of vaccine dilution attention

3.1 Vaccine dilution selection

Mainly for live vaccines, in addition to special dilution, all attenuated vaccines are using saline, dilution of the vaccine before, with a disposable syringe to take the required dilution or saline dose, according to the amount specified in the vaccine instructions for vaccine dilution, after opening Of the saline can not be used continuously.

Dilute the attenuated vaccine and add the diluent according to the 1-fold ratio of 1-2 ml. Many pig farms are clinically easy to operate, less dilution, resulting in insufficient dilution of the vaccine, osmotic pressure is too high, poor absorption of pigs after vaccination lead to immune failure; dilution can not be too much, excessive dilution makes osmotic pressure is too low , The virus in the vaccine so death, making the amount of inoculated antigen, leading to immune failure.

3.2 vaccine dilution operation

First to do the vaccine vacuum test: needle inserted after the syringe dilution should be automatically inhaled, if not automatically inhaled, indicating that the vaccine has lost vacuum, the vaccine is likely to have failed. Many pig farms in the dilution of the vaccine, in order to save time, directly to the vaccine bottle open, and then dilution or saline into the vaccine bottle, which will cause the vaccine vacuum check work is not in place, can not ensure the quality of the vaccine, and because Under negative pressure, open the vaccine bottle will inhale the pathogenic microorganisms in the air.

Isothermal dilution of the vaccine: dilution before use, the best in the refrigerator freezer room for 2 hours or more to reduce the dilution and the temperature difference between the vaccine, but also conducive to the preservation of the vaccine after dilution.

3.3 Preservation time after vaccine dilution

Vaccine to now with the use of attenuated vaccine diluted as soon as possible after 2h in the summer season is particularly important, you can use the incubator to place the ice bag or use the thermos flask, the effect is good.

4, vaccine immunization problems

4.1 injection site selection

Vaccination site of the general selection of cervical injection, but in the actual operation process, especially in large columns of pigs, due to the larger range of activities, epidemic prevention personnel often use the way to fly flying, resulting in the immune site is not accurate, thus affecting Immune effect. So the large bar raising and bar raising pigs in the immune as much as possible with the railing to narrow the scope of activities.

4.2 Vaccine temperature control

For refrigerated vaccines, such as foot and mouth disease vaccine, directly from the refrigerator room, the temperature of 2 ~ 8 ℃, if directly into the pig body, the stress is relatively large, in the use of such vaccines, the best room temperature and shake After use, reduce stress caused by immune failure.

5, herd health status

Before vaccination, should pay attention to whether the pig is healthy, unhealthy pigs, can not be vaccinated. Inoculation of vaccines, some pigs responded more, some piglets injected half an hour after the emergence of body temperature, trembling, vomiting and reduced food and other symptoms, usually 1 to 2 days after the self-recovery, severe cases can be injected 0.1% adrenaline Injection of about 1 ml to eliminate allergic shock.

Pigs vaccinated before the addition of nutritional health care agents and anti-stress drugs, to minimize the immune response caused by immune failure.

6, the use of drugs during immunization

In the use of attenuated vaccine, because the live bacteria products, if you encounter antibiotics will be inhibited or killed, so that the immune failure, so the use of attenuated vaccine, before and after immunization within 10 days try not to use antibiotics Drugs. For inactivated vaccine can be used with antibiotics at the same time. In the immune vaccine before and after 2 days, can not carry pig disinfection.

In short, the vaccine, does not mean to do a good job of epidemic prevention; do a good job of epidemic prevention, must not vaccine immune, strict epidemic prevention system and strict implementation, serious attitude, careful operation, the effective vaccine into the effective part of the pig in order to ensure that the vaccine Play the greatest immune effect.